When is a Dog Senior?
As a rule, larger breed dogs age faster than small breed dogs. So a giant breed might be a senior at 5 years of age, and a toy breed not until years later. Read more about the Aging Rate of Dogs.

Signs of Aging
As a good rule of thumb, you should start looking for the "Seven Signs of Senior" at about seven years of age (5 years for large breeds). Those signs include:

• Graying muzzle or coat – or other coat conditions that weren’t there before
• Slowing down and staying down – less energy, trouble getting up or limping
• Sleeping more – a common side effect of aging
• Changing habits – including play preferences and eating or drinking habits
• Change in weight – some dogs gain weight as they age while others lose weight
• Bad breath – a sign of dental problems, sometimes exacerbated by age
• Hearing or vision changes – like humans, senses can dull over time

Nutritional Needs
Senior dogs have changing nutritional needs. They often have reduced activity levels, and so need fewer calories than a healthy, active adult dog. At the same time, older dogs may benefit from ample high-quality protein, easily digested carbohydrate and appropriate levels of minerals and vitamins. Read more about Nutrition for Senior Dogs.

Talk with your veterinarian about these nutritional needs and how the right food, such as Purina® Dog Chow Senior 7+® brand Adult Dog Food, can help.

Common Problems and Additional Signs

• Older dogs may need to visit a veterinarian more often.  If you have any questions or concerns you should contact your veterinarian.
• If your dog doesn't respond to his name or verbal commands, or suddenly barks for no reason, it could indicate hearing problems.
• Excessive thirst and frequent or uncontrolled urination are often signs of kidney problems or diabetes.
• Inappropriate urination may be a sign of incontinence caused by a hormone imbalance, which is most common in spayed females, or caused by other medical conditions. Your veterinarian should be contacted if you notice incontinence in your dog.
• An older dog is more likely to develop tooth and gum conditions. Because of sore gums or loose teeth, he may let food drop out of his mouth or even refuse to eat.
• Dogs are susceptible to heart conditions. Coughing, difficulty in breathing and tiredness could indicate possible cardiac problems.
• A hazy, bluish cast on your aging dog's eyes is normal and usually does not hinder the vision. However, the hazy, whitish growth of cataracts can lead to blindness. Your veterinarian can help you distinguish the difference.
• Sudden weight loss or unplanned chronic weight loss should be reported to your veterinarian immediately.
• For older dogs, you'll notice that the skin thickens and becomes less pliable. It's a good idea to check for lumps on or under the skin.
• As a dog gets older, you'll notice a decrease in energy level. He may become tired more easily and like to nap more often. He may experience stiffness in his leg, hip or shoulder joints.
• As a reminder, remember that older dogs may need to visit a veterinarian more often.  If you have any questions or concerns you should contact your veterinarian.

Be a Good Friend to Your Older Dog
There are some specific things you can do to make your older dog's life more comfortable.

• See the Veterinarian More: It is more important than ever that your dog receive total health care from your veterinarian. Ask your veterinarian about special geriatric screenings for your dog.
• Get Exercise: It may be slower, but walks and play help keep your dog in shape and mentally sharp
• Control Weight: Don’t let your older dog pack on the pounds. It can lead to problems. Control his diet and make sure he exercises.
• Maintain Grooming: Continue to care for his teeth, and brush and clean his coat to help keep it soft and healthy.
• Keep Things Stable: Older dogs may not like change. Don’t move his bed, shift his routine, or force him to adjust to too many new situations.
• Keep the Environment Comfortable: A soft, warm place to sleep and protection from the elements will help keep your dog happy and healthy.
• Be Patient and Be Present: Things may take longer and may be more challenging. Make an effort to provide the extra emotional support your dog needs by spending as much time with him as you can.