Barking is a natural and normal behavior in dogs. Dogs bark to communicate with other dogs and also with human beings. Vocalizations may also be indicative of the dog’s internal state (for example, wanting to play, being fearful or feeling good when you rub his belly). Understanding the cause of a bark may help you in managing inappropriate barking.

Why dogs bark
Most dogs bark. Some breeds bark more than others and individual variations exist with a particular breed, as well. While you may feel that barking is sometimes useful (“There is someone at the door.”), it is likely that this behavior will be inappropriate at other times.

The first step in managing inappropriate barking is to check the basics. Does your dog need to go outside to eliminate? Is he hungry? Is your dog getting enough physical exercise and mental stimulation? Do you spend enough time with him?

How to manage barking
If you think your dog needs something like exercise or water in his bowl, call him to you. Have him sit, praise him and only then do what needs doing; otherwise you’ll be rewarding barking, which can lead to more barking.

If your dog or puppy’s needs are met and he’s still barking, try this:
 

• Redirect your dog’s attention. Call him. Ask him to “sit” and “stay.” Reinforce with praise and a treat – preferably a kibble of his food – when he obeys.
  
• If he does not stop barking (and many dogs won’t at first), clip his leash on and call him to you. Back away from whatever he is barking at and keep calling until he focuses on you. When he does, praise him and offer a kibble of food.
  
• Leave a radio on for your dog if he barks when left alone. This is good company for him and helps drown out outside noises.

Do’s and Don’ts
DO make sure your dog is getting plenty of exercise and training everyday. A bored dog is more likely to bark.

DO address barking immediately. If you just believe your dog will “give up” barking eventually and then you attend to him after a bout of prolonged barking, you may inadvertently be training him to bark louder and longer.

DON’T leave your dog alone in the backyard for long periods; that can cause many dogs to bark.

Please remember — any action to stop barking must be made while the dog is barking. After-the-fact attempts at correction will only confuse your dog. Use a calm, firm voice. Avoid yelling, as your dog may think you are just joining in a barking game.